A clear signal for in-depth regulation of the "two high-end and one capital" industries
"my country's increase in resource taxes on copper, tungsten, lead and zinc is due to the increasing shortage of these strategic resources related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and the overdevelopment of high-pollution and high-energy-consuming industries. Decisions made in the context of the decision-making." said Dr. Mei *yu from the Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation of the Ministry of Commerce. This is based on the recent series of tax policy controls and once again controls the "two highs and one capital" industries such as high pollution, high energy consumption and resource products.
Although the central government has repeatedly emphasized the need to conserve resources in recent years, due to the low price of resources and driven by profits, the phenomenon of indiscriminate mining and excavation in some local mines is serious, resulting in the loss of mineral resources. Waste and overexploitation. Take tungsten as an example. China’s tungsten reserves rank first in the world. The total tungsten concentrate production control target issued by the Ministry of Land and Resources this year is about 60,000 tons, but in the first half of the year, the national tungsten concentrate output has reached 39,664 tons, and the total export volume of tungsten products has reached 15,531.6 tons, a year-on-year increase of 1.22%.
Today, at least 70% of the total tungsten resources consumed by the world's tungsten industry each year is supplied by China. Valuable resources are consumed, resulting in high pollution and high energy consumption. my country's annual export volume of ferrotungsten is about 6,000 tons, and each ton of ferrotungsten produced will emit 300 cubic meters of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The China Tungsten Association pointed out that the production of ferrotungsten, a product with low added value, high energy consumption and high pollution for export, not only consumes a large amount of tungsten resources, but also makes my country a place where Western developed countries transfer pollution.
Due to violation of the principle of protective mining, the proportion of my country's copper and tungsten resources in the world has begun to decline. At present, my country's copper resources are seriously insufficient, and two-thirds of copper concentrate needs to be imported from abroad each year; the China Tungsten Association stated that based on current production, the static guaranteed mining life of China's existing tungsten reserves is only 12 years.
Rao *hua from the Jiangxi Provincial Nonferrous Metals Industry Management Office, who has long-term follow-up research on the nonferrous industry, said that with the continued rapid growth of our country's economy and the increasing demand for resources, In addition, domestic resource utilization efficiency is generally low, and the contradiction between supply and demand of mineral resources such as copper and tungsten will exist for a long time to come.“Adjusting the applicable tax amount of resource tax is regarded as an effective measure abroad to promote the rational development and utilization of resources,” he said.
"The increase in the copper and tungsten resource tax releases a clear signal that the country will conduct in-depth regulation of the 'two high-energy and one-capital' industries." Mei*yu believes that in order to promote resource ownership In order to ensure orderly utilization and rational mining, the government will expand the scope of resource tax collection in the future and even introduce stronger control measures.
Limited impact on mining, smelting, and processing enterprises
"Little impact on enterprises." Not yet After the reporter finished speaking, a department head of ** Group Company gave an answer on the impact of the resource tax adjustment.
Jiangxi Copper is the largest copper producer in China, and its Dexing Copper Mine is the largest copper mine in China. **Copper Industry previously issued an announcement stating that based on the increase in copper resource tax standards, preliminary estimates indicate that the company will increase the tax payable by RMB 71.25 million in 2007 compared with the original standards. Jiangxi Copper's sales revenue exceeded 30 billion yuan last year, and its profits exceeded 4 billion yuan. "Compared to Jiangxi Copper's huge profits, the increased cost of the resource tax increase is very small." The person in charge said.
In recent years, the price of non-ferrous metals has risen rapidly. The price of copper in London has risen from US$2,000 per ton in early 2004 to the current US$8,000 per ton; the price of zinc has risen from US$1,000 per ton to the current US$3,500 per ton; the price of lead has risen from US$800 per ton to the current US$3,500 per ton. The price per ton is around US$3,200. The domestic tungsten price has been stable at a high of 100,000 yuan per ton since last year.
The proportion of profits is very small, so it will not have much impact on ** enterprises.
Taking copper as an example, a rough calculation shows that the resource tax on the copper content of each ton of copper concentrate is about 1,000 yuan. This data is compared to the current domestic copper price of 6 per ton. For a high price of 10,000 yuan, the resource tax that needs to be paid due to the increase in standards will have limited impact on enterprises.
Copper, tungsten, lead and zinc are strategic resources related to the national economy and people's livelihood. Will the resource tax increase lead to an increase in the price of resource products, thereby promoting the price increase? Overall rise? In this regard, Zhu *sheng analyzed that from the perspective of the market price transmission mechanism, ** enterprises will transfer the increased costs of resource taxes to downstream smelting and processing enterprises, which will objectively have a certain impact on the nonferrous metals market. , but this effectIn the short term it's more of a psychological aspect.
"Since the amount of resource tax increased per ton of ore is not large, and at the same time, the country has raised resource taxes when the market for non-ferrous metals such as copper and tungsten is promising, it will have a negative impact on downstream industries. The impact on enterprises can be easily digested," Mei*yu said.
The reporter's interview found that predatory mining phenomena such as the current rich and poor, the easy and difficult, and other predatory mining phenomena are widespread. Zhu *sheng pointed out that the resource tax increase is a continuation of previous control policies, which fully demonstrates that my country's control over the "two high-energy and one-investment" industries is increasingly tightened. After the tax rate is increased, for ** enterprises, production costs have increased, and profits have increased. Naturally, it will decrease, which in turn will inevitably force companies to mine rationally, continuously improve the recovery rate of ore, and maximize the use of precious mineral resources. “After all, the resources of mines are limited!”
The people who benefit the most are local governments
Resource tax It is a tax levied on various natural resources as tax targets to adjust resource differential income and reflect the paid use of state-owned resources. Yu*, deputy director of the Jiangxi Provincial Local Taxation Bureau, said that after the resource tax increase on copper, tungsten, lead and zinc, local governments will benefit the most.
Take Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, the main tungsten ore producing area in the country, as an example. It is roughly estimated that the city’s annual tungsten concentrate output is about 20,000 tons. Resources are collected according to the original standards. The city's annual resource tax for mining tungsten ore is only more than 1 million yuan. After the resource tax increase, the resource tax paid per ton of tungsten concentrate exceeds 1,000 yuan. The city's annual resource tax for tungsten ore mining has reached a new level. Increased fiscal revenue by more than 20 million yuan.
"The resource tax increase will also help improve the unreasonable income distribution pattern of local governments and national enterprises." Mei*yu pointed out that with the merger of enterprises and the industry The pace of integration is accelerating. A common phenomenon currently is that the headquarters of large-scale national mineral development companies are mostly located in the developed eastern regions, while most mineral resources are concentrated in the central and western regions. This situation objectively results in the unreasonable distribution pattern of mineral resource income in our country. On the one hand, because resource taxes are too low, the benefits shared by mineral locations are too small, and are not even enough to compensate local residents for the losses they suffer from mining (such as land subsidence, damage to surface vegetation and groundwater, etc.); on the other hand, minerals Extraction companies earn too much, which leads to regional transfer payments that rob the poor and give to the rich.
"After the resource tax is raised, ** enterprises will transfer some of their benefits to local governments, which will also help local governments carry out environmental governance and restore ecology." Yu * said.
Due to factors such as unreasonable resource taxes and low industry entry thresholds, the national copper and tungsten industries have experienced overheating of investment since 2004. Taking ammonium paratungstate (APT), the primary product of tungsten, as an example. Data show that the national APT production capacity in 2006 has exceeded 160,000 tons, a year-on-year increase of 24.9%. One of the distinctive features is that the new APT production companies are concentrated in tungsten mineral production areas. In Ganzhou City alone, the APT production capacity has reached 7.8 million tons, accounting for 47.8% of the national APT production capacity. According to statistics from the China Tungsten Association, the national APT output in 2006 was only 46,000 tons, with a capacity utilization rate of less than 30%, and a considerable number of companies fell into losses.
Some experts analyzed that for a long time, due to too low resource taxes, local governments have received too little revenue. Resource-rich places often encourage companies to process on-site to increase the added value of products and increase government revenue. However, this is not an effective resource utilization model. On the contrary, it has aggravated the blind duplication of construction in the industry to a certain extent, leading to overcapacity.
Zhu*sheng optimistically believes that, After the resource taxes on copper, tungsten, lead and zinc are raised, local governments will directly benefit from it, and enterprises will also learn from the lessons of low-level duplication of construction. The overheated investment in these industries will be curbed to a certain extent.
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